A – Azumin da Allah ne ya wajabta a kan bawa tun da farko, shi ne azumin watan Ramadan, kuma rukuni ne daga rukunan musulunci.
B – Azumin da bawa ne yake sababin wajabata wa kansa shi, kamar azumin bakance, da azumin kaffara.
2 – Azumin Mustahabbi
Shi ne dukkan azumin da shari’a take so a yi shi, kamar azumin ranar Litinin da Alhamis, da azumin kwana uku a kowane wata, da azumin ranar Ashura, da azumin goman farko a cikin watan Zulhijjah, da azumin ranar Arafa.
Sharuxxan Wajabcin Azumi
1 – Musulunci : Azumi ba ya wajaba a kan kafiri.
2 – Balaga : Azumi ba ya wajaba a kan yaro qarami, sai dai za a umarce shi da yi idan zai iya, don ya saba.
3 – Hankali : Azumi ba ya wajaba a kan Mahaukaci.
4 – Samun Iko : Azumi ba ya wajaba a kan wanda ba zai iya yi ba.
Azumin Watan Ramadan
Azumin watan Ramadan rukuni ne daga rukunan musulunci, kuma farilla ne da Allah ya farlanta a kan bayinsa.
Allah Maxaukakin Sarki ya ce, “Ya ku waxanda suka yi imani an wajabta muku azumi kamar yadda aka wajabta wa waxanda suke gabaninku don ku samu taqawa”. (Al-Baqarah: 183)
Manzon Allah ( ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ) ya ce,
“An gina musulunci a bisa ginshiqai biyar” [Buhkari ne ya rawaito shi].
Sai ya ambaci “Azumin watan Ramadan” daga cikinsu.
Daga Cikin Falalar Watan Ramadan
1 – A watan Ramadan Ana buxe qofofin Aljannah, ana rufe qofofin wuta, ana xaure Shaixanu, zuciya tana fuskantar aikin alheri. Manzon Allah ( ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ) ya ce, “Idan Ramadan ya zo, sai a buxe qofofin sama, a rufe qofofin Jahannama, a xaure Shaixanu” . [Buhkari ne ya rawaito shi]
2 – Yin azumi da tsayuwar sallar asham saboda Allah da neman lada yana gafarta abin da ya gabata na zunubai. Manzon Allah ( ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ) ya ce, “Wanda ya yi azumin watan Ramadan, yana mai imani da neman lada, za a gafarta masa abin da ya gabata na zunubansa” [Bukhari da Muslim ne suka rawaito shi].
Ya sake cewa : “Wanda ya yi tsayuwar sallah a watan Ramadan, yana mai imani da neman lada, za a gafarta masa abin da ya gabata na zunubansa” . [Bukhari da Muslim ne suka rawaito shi]
3 – A cikin watan Ramadan Akwai daren Lailatul Qadri, wanda Allah yake cewa a kansa “Daren lailatul Qadri ya fi wata dubu alheri” . (Alqadr : 3)
Duk wanda ya tsaya a cikin wannan dare yana mai imani da Allah da neman lada to za a gafarta masa abin da ya gabata na zunubansa. Manzon Allah ( ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ) ya ce, “Wanda ya tsaya a daren lailatul Qadri yana mai imani da Allah da neman lada to za a gafarta masa abin da ya gabata na zunubansa” [Bukhari da Muslim ne suka rawaito shi].
4 – Umara a cikin Ramadan tana daidai da yin aikin hajji tare da Manzon Allah ( ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ). Manzon Allah ya ce,
“Umara a cikin Ramadan tana daidai da aikin hajji tare da ni” [Muslim ne ya rawaito shi]
5 – Watan Ramadan watan Alqur'ani ne, a cikinsa aka saukar da shi, don haka ya dace a yawaita karanta shi a cikin wannan wata.
Allah ya ce, “Watan Ramadan wanda aka saukar Alqur'ani a cikinsa, Shiriya ne ga mutane, da ayoyin bayanannu da rarrabe wa tsakanin qarya da gaskiya” (Albaqara : 185) .
6 – Watan Ramadan wata ne na kyauta da ciyarwa da sadaka. An karvo daga Abdullahi xan Abbas – Allah ya yarda da shi – ya ce, “ Manzon Allah ( ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ) ya fi dukkan mutane kyauta, ya kasance lokacin da yafi kyauta shi ne a cikin Ramadan, lokacin da Mala'ika Jibrilu yake haxuwa da shi. Mala’ika Jibrilu yana haxuwa da shi a kowane dare a cikin Ramadan, ya yi karatun Alqur'ani tare da shi. Manzon Allah ( ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ) ya fi kowa kyauta lokacin da Mala'ika Jibriru yake haxu da shi, ya fi iska sakakkiya kyauta” [Bukhari da Muslim ne suka rawaito shi].
Da me Ake Tabbatar Da Kamawar Watan Ramadan?
Watan Ramadan ya tabbata da ganin wata, idan aka ga wata bayan faxuwar ranar ashirin da tara ga watan Sha’aban, to watan Ramadan ya kama, idan kuwa ba a ga wata ba, bayan faxuwar ranar talatin ga watan Sha’aban,
ko kuma wani abu ya hana ganinsa, kamar hadari, ko qura, ko hayaqi, to sai a cika lissafin watan Sha’aban kwana talatin.
Saboda faxin Manzon Allah ( ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ) : “Ku yi azumi don ganin wata, ku sauke don ganinsa, idan an kare muku shi, to ku cika Sha’aban kwana talatin”
[Bukhari da Muslim ne suka rawaito shi].
Karya Azumi
Karya azumi haramun ne, kuma yana daga cikin manya-manyan laifuka. Duk wanda ya karya azumin na rana xaya ba da wani uzuri ba, kuma bai tuba ba, to babu abin da zai isar masa, koda ya yi azumin zamani gabaxaya.
Saboda faxin Annabi ( ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ )
“Duk wanda ya karya azumi rana xaya daga Ramadan, ba a a kan wani rangwame da Allah ya yi masa ba, to azumin zamani gabaxaya ba zai rama masa ba” [ Abu Dawud ne ya rawaito shi].
Azabar wanda ya karya azumi da gangan mai girma ce. An karvo daga Abu Umamata Al-bahili – Allah ya yarda da shi – ya ce, “Na ji Manzon Allah ( ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ) yana cewa, ina cikin barci, sai wasu mutane biyu suka zo min,…..sannan suka tafi da ni, sai kawai na ga wasu mutane an rataye su ta agararsu, muqamuqansu a tstssage, jini yana ta kwarara. Sai ya ce, na ce, su wanene waxannan? Sai ya ce, Waxannan waxanda suke karya azumi ne tun gabanin lokacin shan ruwa ya yi” [Ibn Hibban ne ya rawaito shi].
© Sirrinrikemiji
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